IPO Allotment

IPO allotment is the process of allocating shares to the investors who have applied for the IPO.

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Chapters :

12. IPO Application Modification

19. IPO KPIs

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Content:

IPO Allotment Rules
IPO Allotment Method
IPO Allotment by Investor Category
IPO Allotment Process
IPO Allotment Date
IPO Allotment Status Check
IPO Allotment Chances
Basis of Allotment Explained
Page Glossary

IPO allotment is the allocation or distribution of shares to the investors in an IPO. The allocation is determined by the Registrar in consultation with the Exchange. IPO allotment announcement is done by the registrar 3-4 days after the IPO bidding period gets over. Investor could visit registrar's website to check the allotment status.

IPO allotment depends on the demand of IPO shares. If the IPO is oversubscribed (received more bids then the shares offered), not all investors may receive an allocation. If the IPO is not fully subscribed, all investors will receive allotment.

IPO Allotment Rules

The IPO allotment is made by the Registrar in consultation with the designated stock exchange.
The IPO allotment depends on the number of shares offered and the bids received from investor in the particular investor category (i.e. Retail, NII, QIB).
The rules for IPO allotment vary by investor category (i.e. Retail, NII, QIB).
Only valid applications are considered for allocation. Invalid applications (i.e. application with wrong Demat account number, multiple applications with same PAN, etc) are rejected.
Only the applications received at or above the cut-off price are considered for allocation.
An under-subscription in one category (other than the QIB category) may be offset with oversubscription from another category in consultation with the Lead Manager, the Registrar, the Exchange and the issuer.
Unsubscribed shares in the QIB category are not available for subscription in other categories.
The registrar prepares and publish the Basis of Allotment document that provides detail about the allotment.

IPO Allotment Method

The IPO allotment mechanism depends on the investor category and the IPO subscription levels.

Note:

If an IPO is Undersubscribed across each investor category, all investors with valid applications will receive a full allotment. The IPO must receive a minimum total subscription of 90% to succeed.
If the IPO is over-subscribed for one category and under-subscribed for another, the oversubscription may be adjusted with the under-subscribed portion of the other category, except for QIB.
In case of oversubscription, the issuer will allocate shares based on a lottery system or proportionately based on the investor category. Let us take a look at the IPO allocation criteria for each investor category.

IPO Allotment by Investor Category

1. IPO Allotment to Retail Investors (RII)

Each retail individual investor (RII) gets allocated at least one lot; provided there are those many shares reserved for RII in the IPO and the number of RII applicants. IPO shares are allocated in a bunch known as lot. A lot includes x number of shares worth around Rs 15,000 in Mainboard IPO and Rs 1,00,000 in SME IPO. The number of shares in lot (lot size) is declared by the issuer company along with the issue price.

The number of maximum retail investors who could get allotment in an IPO is derived by dividing the total number of shares offered in RII reserved category by the lot size.

Maximum RII Allotees = (Total shares offered to RII) / (IPO lot size)

For example; In ideaForge Technology IPO, 842,865 shares were reserved for retail. The lot size of the IPO was 22 shares. Maximum Retail Allotees = 8,42,865 / 22 = 38,312 investors.

IPO Retail Category Basis of Allotment

	Scenario	Allotment Process
1	RII category under-subscribed.	Full allotment to all applicants.
2	Total RII applications are greater than maximum retail investors who could get allotment.	Computerized lottery where the winners get maximum 1 lot of shares.
3	Total RII applications are less than maximum retail investors who could get allotment.	Each retail investor will be allotted at least one lot. The remaining shares will be allocated on a pro-rata basis.

For example, if a company offers 5 lakhs shares to RII in an IPO with a minimum lot size of 250 shares. In this case, the maximum RII investors to whom the allotment can be made is (500,000/250) 2,000 investors.

Scenario 1: If 1,950 investors apply for 495,000 shares, all investors receive the full allotment because the RII category is not fully subscribed.

Scenario 2: If 2,500 investors apply for 650,000 shares, it is not possible to allocate at least one lot to each investor because there are only 500,000 shares for RII. In this case, the allocation is made by a computerized lottery system.

Scenario 3: If 1,975 investors apply for 525,000 shares, each investor will initially be allocated at least one lot, i.e. 250 shares. Of the remaining [500,000-(1,975*250)] 6,250 shares, the allotment is then made on a proportionate basis.

2. IPO allotment in NII category

NII Sub Category

NII IPO investor category is divided in 2 parts:

Sub Category	Investment Limits	Reservation
Small NII (sNII)	Rs 2 lakhs to Rs 10 lakhs	1/3 of total NII reserved portion
Big NII (bNII)	More than Rs 10 lakhs	2/3 of total NII reserved portion

Each NII investor will be allotted a minimum bid lot as applicable to that category, subject to availability of shares. The minimum bid lot will be equal to the minimum application size for more than Rs 2 lakhs. In case any shares are left after allotment of minimum bid lot, the same will be allotted on a pro-rata basis.

In case of under subscription, all investors will receive the full allotment. The unsubscribed portion of the NII may be used to meet any excess demand from other categories.

Note:

The allotment method for small and Big NII is the same.
Even though the Big NII category has a minimum subscription amount of Rs 10 lakhs, in case of oversubscription, shares worth Rs 2 lakhs will be allotted (the minimum NII bid amount). This is similar to the allocation for the Small NII sub-category.
There is no segregation of Big NII and Small NII in SME IPO.

3. IPO allotment in QIB category

The allotment to QIB investors will be made on a proportionate basis in case of oversubscription. In case of an under-subscription, all QIB investors will receive the full allotment. However, the under-subscribed portion in the QIB category cannot be allotted to other investor categories.

The mutual funds in the QIB category will be allotted up to 5% of the QIB category. If the demand for the mutual funds exceeds 5% of the QIB category, the allocation shall be made proportionally up to 5%. However, if mutual fund demand is less than 5% of the QIB category, all mutual funds will receive the full allotment. The remaining unsubscribed portion may be used to meet the demand of other QIB investors on a pro-rata basis for up to 95% of the QIB category.

4. IPO Allotment to Anchor Investors

In mainboard bookbuilding IPOs, anchor investors are offered shares up to 60% of the QIB category. Of the 60%, one-third of the anchor investors' share is reserved for domestic mutual funds.

The issuer decides on the selection of the anchor investors and their allocation in consultation with the lead manager. The registrar maintains a physical book to record the applications received from Anchor Investors. If the offer price is higher than the Anchor Investor offer price, the anchor investors are sent revised confirmation of allocation note (CAN) for payment of differential amount.

Anchor Reservation Criteria

The issuer must observe the following guidelines when allocating shares to anchor investors.

Anchor Investor Reservation	Anchor Investor Limit
Up to Rs. 10 crores	Maximum 2 Anchor Investors.
Rs. 10 crores - Rs. 250 crores	Minimum 2 and maximum 15 Anchor Investors subject to minimum allotment of Rs 5 crores per Anchor Investor.
Rs 250 crores	Minimum 5 and maximum 15 anchor investors for allocation up to Rs 250 crores and additional 10 anchor investors for every additional Rs 250 crores subject to minimum allotment of Rs 5 crores per Anchor Investor.

5. IPO Allotment to Employees

The allocation to employees will be made on a pro rata basis in the event of oversubscription.

The maximum value of allocation to eligible employees shall not exceed Rs 200,000 unless the Employee Reservation Portion is undersubscribed. If the employee quota is not fully subscribed, the unsubscribed portion gets allocated on a proportionate basis to Eligible Employees for value exceeding Rs. 200,000 up to Rs. 500,000.

6. IPO Allotment to Shareholders

The allocation to shareholders will be made on proportionate basis in the event of oversubscription.

If an investor has placed a bid in the shareholder category for an amount exceeding Rs 200,000 and also in any other category, then the bid will be considered as multiple bids and will get rejected.

If an investor bids in the shareholder category up to an amount of Rs 200,000, he may also bid in the Employee category (if applicable) up to Rs 200,000 and any other category. Such bids will not be counted as multiple bids and will have a chance to get allotment in respective category as per the criteria explained above for each category.

IPO Allotment Process

The registrar of the IPO is responsible for the allotment process. The basis for allotment is finalized by the registrar in consultation with the designated exchanges. The following are the general steps taken by the Registrar to complete the IPO allotment process.

Receive IPO application data from the stock exchange as soon as the issue is completed.
Validation of IPO applications that don't meet eligibility criteria.
Validation of IPO application data with depositories and banks to identify 3^rd party IPO applications.
Rejection of invalid applications with technical errors.
Valid applications at or above cut-off price are grouped at the lot size level to determine the total demand for shares in each category.
Finalize the basis of allotment (BOA) in consultation with designated exchanges.
Sending the allotment advice via email/SMS to inform investors of the allotment status.
Notifying banks and depositories and coordinating with them to ensure that the investor's bank account is debited on the scheduled allotment date and the shares are credited to the investor's demat account.

IPO Allotment Date

IPO allotment date is the date on which the IPO allotment is announced by the Registrar to the issue. Investors can check the status of their IPO applications on IPO allotment date. The IPO allotment is a key event that investors follow in over-subscribed IPOs where the allotment is made by lottery.

The registrar of the issue uploads the allotment results on its website, where investors can check the status of their allotment by entering the PAN number, IPO application number or demat account number.

The IPO allotment should be completed within five business days of the closing of the offering.

IPO Allotment Status Check

The IPO allotment status check is to determine whether the investor has received the shares or allotment in an IPO. An investor needs either a PAN number, an application number, or a demat account number to check the allotment status. The allotment status is made available online by the Registrar to the Issue on the date of the IPO allotment.

Steps to check IPO allotment status

Visit IPO Allotment Status Page at Chittorgarh.com.
Select the desired IPO.
Go to the Allotment tab and click on the IPO allotment status button.
Users will be redirected to the Registrar's website.
Select the IPO from the dropdown.
Enter PAN number, application number or DP Client ID.
Submit and check the allotment status.

If investors have received the allotment, the allotment status page on the website will display the number of shares allotted, and if no allotment has been made, the page will be blank.

IPO Allotment Chances

There is no fixed IPO allotment formula or IPO allotment chances calculator that can guarantee investors an allotment in an IPO. The allotment depends on the level of subscription in the IPO and the category in which the investor has applied.

In most IPOs, the allotment is made by lottery because they are oversubscribed. Your chances of receiving an allocation are the same as other applicants.

Although there is no rule of thumb that can guarantee investors an allotment in an IPO, investors can always follow some good practices to increase their chances of allotment as mentioned below:

In the Retail category, apply for 1 lot of shares from multiple family accounts.
If you must choose between the Retail, sHNI, and bHNI categories, wait until the last day to see the response and find out where you have the best chance of allotment.
Do not apply at the last minute. Try to apply before 1 p.m. on the issue closing day.
Make sure you fill out all the information correctly.
Be sure to approve the UPI mandate by the deadline.
Check the basis of allotment document to determine your eligibility for allotment. If you feel you should be allotted IPO shares but haven't received them, contact the Registrar for a response.
Study some old Basis of Allotment documents to understand how allotments are made.

Basis of Allotment Explained

The basis of allotment is the process that decides the allocation of shares in an IPO to the investors who have applied for it. The basis of allotment is included in the offer documents and is finalized by the registrar, company and lead manager in consultation with the Designated exchanges.

The allotment shall be made according to the pro-rata or lottery system based on the investor category and demand for the IPO.

The Basis of Allotment (BOA) is a document published by the registrar in the leading daily newspaper once the allotment is finalized in consultation with the Designated Exchange/s. The BOA document contains the below details:

Total Number of applications received per Investor Category.
Total number of shares applied per Investor Category.
Subscription Rate per Investor Category.
Categorization of RII and NII based on the number of shares applied for each category.
Details on the below for each of the above grouped category segregated based on the number of shares applied:
- Number of applications received.
- % of application received per group to total applications.
- Total number of shares applied.
- % of shares applied per group to total number of shares applied.
- of Shares allotted per bidder.
- Ratio of bidders allotted shares to total bidders in each group.
- Total no. of shares allotted per group.

Let us take the example of Sah Polymers Limited IPO to understand the basis of allotment document better and understand how the allotment for RII and NII is done.

IPO Details

IPO Price	Rs 65
Face Value	Rs 10
IPO Size	Rs 66.30 Cr
Lot Size	230

Shares Offered

Category	Shares Offered	Amount (Rs Cr)	Size (%)
Anchor Investor	4,590,000	29.84	45.00%
QIB	3,060,000	19.89	30.00%
NII	1,530,000	9.95	15.00%
bNII (bids above Rs 10L)	1,020,000	6.63	10.00%
sNII (bids below Rs 10L)	510,000	3.32	5.00%
Retail	1,020,000	6.63	10.00%
Total	10,200,000	66.30	100%

1. RII Allotment Explanation

Allotment Rule for Retail Category

Each RII investor gets allotted atleast one lot subject to availability of shares and number of RII applicants.
If the number of RII applicants is less than the number of allottees, the allotment will be made on proportionate basis.
If the number of RII applicants is more than the number of allottees, the allotment will be made by drawing of lots in combination with pro rata basis.

In above example:

Maximum number of RII allottees: 4434 (1,020,000/230)
Total number of applications received: 138,971
Allotment Mechanism: Pro rata + Lottery. (The pro-rata determines which bidder category receives an allocation and lottery determines the allottees to whom allotment will be made).
Calculation for Allotment of Shares:
- The 230 bidder category accounts for 91.54% of the total applications. Hence, calculate 91.54% of 4434 = 4058.88. In the below BOA we can see that 4060 applicants have been allocated 230 shares giving a total of 933,800 shares.
- The 460 bidder category accounts for 4.75% of total applications. Hence, calculate 4.75% of 4434 = 210.62. In the below BOA we can see that 211 applicants have been allocated 230 shares giving a total of 48,530 shares.
- The 690 bidder category accounts for 1.28% of total applications. Hence, calculate 1.28% of 4434 = 56.7552. In the below BOA we can see that 57 applicants have been allocated 230 shares giving a total of 13,110 shares.
- So and so forth, the calculations are done for each category to know the allotment of shares per category.
- After allocating the minimum number of shares to each RII per category, 180 shares remain to be allocated randomly to 374 applicants from bidders who applied for 460 shares (Sr. No. 2) to 2990 shares (Sr.13).

Sah Polymers Limited BOA Document Extract of RII

Sr. No	Category	No. of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Equity Shares Applied	% to Total	No. of Equity Shares Allotted per Bidder	Ratio	Total No. of Equity Shares Allotted	No. Of allottees per category
1	230	1,27,218	91.54	2,92,60,140	74.29	230	3:94	933800	4060
2	460	6,600	4.75	30,36,000	7.71	230	3:94	48,530	211
3	690	1,780	1.28	12,28,200	3.12	230	57:1780	13,110	57
4	920	797	0.57	7,33,240	1.86	230	25:797	5,750	25
5	1150	716	0.52	8,23,400	2.09	230	23:716	5,290	23
6	1360	293	0.21	4,04,340	1.03	230	0.5784722	2,070	9
7	1610	295	0.21	4,74,950	1.21	230	0.5798611	2,070	9
8	1840	103	0.07	1,89,520	0.48	230	0.1965278	690	3
9	2070	53	0.04	1,09,710	0.28	230	0.1201389	460	2
10	2300	254	0.18	5,84,200	1.48	230	0.5097222	1,840	8
11	2530	41	0.03	1,03,730	0.26	230	0.0701389	230	1
12	2760	59	0.04	1,62,840	0.41	230	0.1243056	460	2
13	2990	762	0.55	22,78,380	5.78	230	24:762	5,520	24
		374 Allottees from Serial no 2 to 13 Additional 1(one) share				1	90:187	180
	TOTAL	1,38,971	100	3,93,88,650	100			1020000

Points to Note:

The above is a generic logic used for allotment (applicable in case of oversubscription).
The calculations may sometimes differ based on the below
- Rounding applied.
- Allocation can be done in terms of % of shares applied.
- Final discretion of registrar and designated exchanges.

The above quoted example is of a Mainboard IPO. In an SME IPO, the basis of allotment for RII is much simpler and easier. There is generally one category of shares in which RIIs apply due to the higher minimum lot size application.

Let us take example of Crayons Advertising Limited SME IPO to understand this better.

The minimum and maximum bid lot for RII is of 2000 shares. The issue price is Rs.62- Rs.65. The number of shares reserved for RIIs is 2,138,000. Thus, the number of maximum RIIs to whom the minimum bid lot will be allotted is derived by dividing 2138000 by 2000=1069

In the below Crayons Advertising IPO RII BOA extract, we can see that of 178,602 applications received, 1069 bidders will be picked by draw of computerized lottery and allotted 2000 shares.

Crayons Advertising Limited SME IPO BOA Document Extract of RII

No. of Shares Applied For (Category Wise)	No. of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Shares Applied in Each Category	% of Total	No. of Equity Shares Allotted per Applicant	Ratio	Total No. of Shares Allotted
2000	1,78,602	100	35,72,04,000	100	2000	1,069:1,78,602	21.38,000
Total	1,768,602	100	35,72,04,000	100			21,38,000

2. NII Allotment Explanation

The allotment calculation for the small and big NII categories is similar to that for the RII category.

NII Allotment Rule:

Each NII IPO investor gets allocated at minimum bid lot offered in the NII category; provided there are those many shares reserved for NII in the IPO and the number of NII applicants.
The remaining available Equity Shares if any, shall be allotted on a proportionate basis.

Minimum allotment in NII (sNII & bNII) per bidder = 3,220 shares (Rs 209,300)

Small NII Category Allotment

Total applicants to whom minimum bid lot can be allotted (sNII) = 158 (510,000/3,220)
Total applications received in sNII = 4578
Allotment mechanism: Pro-rata + Lottery.

The 3220 bidder category account for 94.32% of total applications. Thus, calculate 94.32% of 158 = 149.0256. Accordingly we can see that 149 applicants are allotted 3220 shares giving a total of 479,780 shares.
Since 149 applicants are each allocated 3220 shares, only 9 applicants (158-149) remain to be allocated the remaining 30220 shares (510,000-479780).
To determine the number of shares allocated to each bidder per category, divide 30220 by 9 = 3357.77
3357 is less than the second category of 3450 thus each remaining bidder will be allocated 3357 shares.
The category of 3450 bidders, accounts for 1.68% of the total applications. Thus calculate 1.68% of 158 = 2.6544, resulting in 3357 shares (refer above point) being allocated to 3 applicants, giving a total of 10,071 shares.
So and so forth the calculations are done for each category to know the allocation of shares per category.
If the percentage of applications received for a category is very low compared to the total percentage, no shares will be allocated to that category.
Example: The category of 3910 shares represents 0.09% of the total applications. Let us take 0.09% of 158 = 0.1422. Thus, no shares will be allocated to the bidders of this category
Post the allotment is done as per above, there are 7 shares left. (510,000 - 509993 - Sum of shares allotted from Sr. No. 1 to 36)
These 7 shares will be allocated to the 9 applicants from Sr. No. 2 to Sr. No. 36

Sah Polymers BOA Extract of Small NII (Rs 2 Lakhs to Rs 10 lakhs)

Sr. No.	Category	No. of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Equity Shares applied	% to Total	No. of Equity Shares Allotted per Bidder	Ratio	Total No. of Equity Shares allotted	Number of allottees per category
1	3,220	4318	94.32	1,39,03,960	89.84	3,220	149:4318	479780	149
2	3,450	77	1.68	2,65,650	1.72	3,357	3:77	10,071	3
3	3,680	35	0.76	1,28,800	0.83	3,357	1:35	3,357	1
4	3,910	4	0.09	15,640	0.1	3,357	0:04	0	-
5	4,140	3	0.07	12,420	0.08	3,357	0:03	0	-
6	4,370	2	0.04	8,740	0.06	3,357	0:02	0	-
7	4,600	26	0.57	1,19,600	0.77	3,357	1:26	3,357	1
8	4,830	6	0.13	28,980	0.19	3,357	0:06	0	-
9	5,060	2	0.04	10,120	0.07	3,357	0:02	0	-
10	5,750	11	0.24	63,250	0.41	3,357	0:11	0	-
11	5,980	1	0.02	5 980	0.04	3,357	0:01	0	-
12	6,210	1	0.02	6,210	0.04	3,357	0:01	0	-
13	6,440	13	0.28	83,720	0.54	3,357	1:13	3,357	1
14	6,900	16	0.35	1,10,400	0.71	3,357	1:16	3,357	1
15	7,130	2	0.04	14,260	0.09	3,357	0:02	0	-
16	7,360	1	0.02	7,360	0.05	3,357	0:01	0	-
17	7,590	12	0.26	91,080	0.59	3,357	1:12	3,357	1
18	7,820	2	0.04	15,640	10	3,357	0:02	0	-
19	8,050	2	0.04	16,100	0.1	3,357	0:02	0	-
20	8,970	1	0.02	8,970	0.06	3,357	0:01	0	-
21	9,200	6	0.13	55,200	0.36	3,357	0:06	0	-
22	9,660	1	0.02	9,660	0.06	3,357	0:01	0	-
23	10,120	1	0.02	10,120	0.07	3,357	0:01	0	-
24	10,350	1	0 02	10,350	0.07	3,357	0:01	0	-
25	10,810	1	0.02	10,810	0.07	3,357	0:01	0	-
26	11,040	1	0.02	11,040	0.07	3,357	0:01	0	-
27	11,500	3	0.07	34,500	0.22	3,357	0:03	0	-
28	11,960	1	0.02	11,960	0.08	3,357	0:01	0	-
29	12,420	1	0.02	12,420	0.08	3,357	0:01	0	-
30	12,650	1	0.02	12,650	0.08	3,357	0:01	0	-
31	12,880	2	0.04	25,760	0.17	3,357	0:02	0	-
32	13,800	2	0.04	27,600	0.18	3,357	0:02	0	-
33	14,030	2	0.04	28,060	18	3,357	0:02	0	-
34	14,490	5	0.11	72,450	0.47	3,357	0:05	0	-
35	14,950	3	0.07	44,850	0.29	3,357	0:03	0	-
36	15,180	12	0.26	1,82,160	1.18	3,357	1:12	3,357	1
	All allottees from Serial no 2 to 36 for 1 (one) additional share				1	7:09	7
TOTAL	4578	100	1,54,76,470	100			5,10,000

Points to Note:

The above is the generic logic used for allotment (applicable in case of oversubscription)
The calculations may sometimes differ based on the below
- Rounding applied.
- Allocation can be done in terms of % of shares applied.
Final discretion of registrar and designated exchanges.

The above is an example of Mainboard NII BOA. In SME IPO, the allotment to NII is done on proportionate basis such that each allotted NII receives minimum bid lot. There is no classification of Small NII and Big NII in SMEs.

Let us continue with the example of Crayons Advertising IPO, to understand SME IPO BOA for NIIs.

The number of shares reserved for NIIs is 918,000. If we see the below extract:

No. of Shares Applied for (Category wise)	Number of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Shares Applied in Each Category	% of Total	No. of Equity Shares Alloted per Apllicant	Ration of allottees to applicants		Total No. of Shares Allotted
4000	3412	53.01	13648000	6.43	2000	15	1706	60000
6000	511	7.93	3066000	1.45	2000	1	73	14000
8000	243	3.77	1944000	0.92	2000	4	243	8000
10000	199	3.09	1990000	0.94	2000	4	199	8000
12000	164	2.54	1968000	0.93	2000	1	41	8000
14000	146	2.26	2044000	0.96	2000	2	73	8000
16000	503	7.81	8048000	3.8	2000	17	503	34000
18000	108	1.67	1944000	0.92	2000	1	27	8000
20000	156	2.42	3120000	1.47	2000	7	156	14000

The first category of 4,000 shares accounts for 6.43% of total number of shares applied.
Of 918,000 shares reserved for NII, 6.43% comes to 59,027.40.
As the allotment can be done in multiples of 2,000 (lot size), the derived figure is rounded to nearest multiple of 2,000 which comes to 60,000.
Considering each NII should get minimum bid lot of 2,000; the above derived 60,000 is allotted to 30 applicants (60000/2000) from 3412 application. Hence the ratio of 15:1706.
Likewise, calculation is done for each category of shares. Refer below sample calculations.

No. of shares reserved for NII	No. of shares applied for	% of total shares applied	No. of shares to be alloted	No. of shares to be allotted after rounding to nearest multiple 2000	Minimum number of shares allotted to each applicant	Number of applicants to receive allotment
918,000	6,000	1.45	13,311.00	14,000	2,000	7
918,000	8,000	0.92	8445.60	8,000	2,000	4
918,000	10,000	0.94	8,629.20	8,000	2,000	4
918,000	12,000	0.93	8,537.40	8,000	2,000	4
918,000	14,000	0.96	8812.80	8,000	2,000	4
918,000	16,000	3.80	34,884.00	34,000	2,000	17
918,000	18,000	0.92	8,445.60	8,000	2,000	4
918,000	20,000	1.47	13,494.60	14,000	2,000	7

If the % of shares applied for a particular category of shares is very low compared to total number of shares applied, that category will not receive any allotment. Refer below extract.

No. of Shares Applied for (Category wise)	Number of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Shares Applied in Each Category	% of Total	No. of Equity Shares Alloted per Apllicant	Ration of allottees to applicants		Total No. of Shares Allotted
54000	1	0.01	54000	0.03	0	0	1	0
56000	8	0.12	448000	0.21	2000	1	8	2000
58000	1	0.01	58000	0.03	0	0	1	0

54,000 shares category accounts for 0.03% of total shares applied. 0.03% of 918,000 comes to 275.4 and its nearest rounding to 2000 comes to zero. Thus, no shares are allotted to this category.
Another thing to look at is the number of applicants for a particular category. If it is not possible to allot shares in multiples of minimum bid lot, the shares get allotted based on draw of lots. Refer below extract

No. of Shares Applied for (Category wise)	Number of Applications Received	% of Total	Total No. of Shares Applied in Each Category	% of Total	No. of Equity Shares Alloted per Apllicant	Ration of allottees to applicants		Total No. of Shares Allotted
3054000	2	0.03	6108000	2.87	12000	1	1	24000
3054000	0	0	0	0	2000	1	2	2000
3054000	4	0.06	12224000	5.76	12000	1	1	48000
3054000	0	0	0	0	2000	2	4	4000
Total	6436	100	212102000	100				918000

The category of 3,054,000 accounts for 2.87% of total shares applied. 2.87% of 918,000 comes to 26,346.6. The nearest multiple of 2000 for 26,346.6 is 26,000.
There are 2 applicants in this category.
If 26,000 is divided equally amongst these 2 applicants, it comes to 13000 per applicant.
13,000 is not a multiple of 2,000.
Thus, each applicant is allotted 12,000 shares (total 24,000) and remaining 2,000 shares are allotted to any one of them based on draw of lots.

Thus, to conclude if we observe the BOA for Mainboard IPOs and SME IPOs we see below key difference:

In Mainboard IPOs, the allotment to NIIs is done based on the maximum bNII and sNII allottees to whom the minimum NII lot can be allotted and in case of SME, there is no derivation of maximum NII allottees, the allotment is done in proportion of shares reserved for the NIIs and thereafter the minimum bid lot is allotted.

Another point to note is the difference in the number of shares reserved for RII and Other category in SME IPO in the offer documents versus the number of shares allotted to respective category in the Basis of Allotment (BOA). It is generally seen that the number of shares reserved for each investor category in the offer document matches the number of shares reserved or available for allotment as per BOA. However in case of SME Fixed price issues the reservation proportion gets adjusted proportionately as per the number of shares applied by each category provided the subscription by retail category is greater than the others category.

Let us take the example of On Door Concepts SME Fixed Price Issue to understand it better.

On Door Concepts IPO Basis of Allotment

Investor Category	Shares reserved as per RHP	No. of shares applied as per BOA
Issue Size	1,498,800
Market Maker	86,400	86,400
Net Issue to Public	1,412,400
RII	706,200	5,454,000
Other than RII	706,200	2,185,800

In the above table, we can see that as per RHP the split between RII and Others is 50-50% of Net Issue to public. The total number of shares applied by RII and Others is 7,639,800. However, the number of shares applied by RII is greater than Others. Thus, the number of shares available for allotment will also get proportionately adjusted based on these numbers.

Shares available for allotment for RII = Shares applied by RII/Total number of shares applied *Net Issue to Public = 5,454,000/7,639,800 *1,412,400 = 1,008,303. This will be rounded to nearest lot size. Lot size in this case is 600 shares. Thus, the number of shares allotted to RII will be 108,600 which tallies as per the BOA extract below.

Shares available for allotment for Other than RII = Shares applied by Other than RII/Total number of shares applied *Net Issue to Public = 2,185,800/7,639,800 *1,412,400 = 404,098. This will be rounded to nearest lot size of 600. Thus, the number of shares allotted to Other than RII will be 403,800 which tallies as per the BOA extract below.

Note: The above logic gets applied only to SME Fixed Price Issues when RII subscription number is greater than Other than RII numbers.

Page Glossary

1. Maximum RII Allottee

The maximum RII allottee is the number of maximum retail individual investors who will receive allotment in an IPO.

As per the SEBI rule, each RII investor should receive minimum one lot. Thus, to achieve this, the number of shares offered/reserved for RIIs in an IPO is divided by the lot size to know the maximum number of RII to whom the shares will be allotted.

2. Confirmation of Allocation Note (CAN)

The Allotment Confirmation is the letter, notice or communication of allotment of shares to the Anchor Investors who secured an allotment.

3. Designated stock exchange

A stock exchange that the issuer selects for a particular issue or on which its securities are listed. The exchange being considered for listing is called the designated exchange. For example, ABC Ltd will list its new shares on the BSE. Here, the BSE is the designated exchange.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is IPO allotment?

IPO allotment is the process of allocating shares to investors who have applied for shares in an IPO.

The allotment process is carried out by the Registrar. Allotment in an IPO is not guaranteed and depends on the category of investor and the level of subscription.

A company must complete the allotment process within five business days of the closing of the offering.

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2. How do I know if I have IPO allotment?
There are several ways to find out if you have received your IPO allotment.
1. Visit the IPO allotment status page on the Chittorgarh.com website
  
  Mainboard IPO Allotment Status
  
  SME IPO Allotment Status
2. You will receive an SMS or email from the NSE, BSE or your depository (CDSL or NSDL) about the status of IPO allotment. However, this is slow and not reliable.
3. Visit the website of the IPO registrar.
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3. How IPO allotment is done if oversubscription?

Each retail (RII) and non-institutional investor (NII) should get the minimum bid lot subject to the availability of shares. Thus, if the number of RII and NII investors is less than the maximum number of RII and NII allottees, each investor will be allotted minimum bid lot initially. Thereafter the allotment will be made on a pro-rata basis. If, on the other hand, the number of applicants is higher than the number of allottees, the allotment will be made using pro rata and draw of lots.

The allotment to QIBs and other reserved categories is done on a proportionate basis. The registrar finalizes the basis of allotment in consultation with the Designated exchanges.

Allotment to anchor investors shall be made at the discretion of the issuer in consultation with the lead manager.

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4. When will I get the allotment/ refund of shares?

The issuer is required to complete the refund process within four working days and allotment process within five working days of the closing of the issue.

For example, if the offering window for the IPO closes on March 15, 2023, the issuer will have to refund the funds in case of non-allotment by March 21, 2023, and credit the shares to the Demat account of allotted shareholders by March 22, 2023.

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5. Which IPO allotment today?
You can visit IPO allotment status page at Chittorgarh.com website to get the details of each IPO along with their allotment schedule.

The Chittorgarh app also sends notification once the allotment is out. Steps to check the allotment status.
1. Click on the desired IPO on Chittorgarh.com
2. Go to the Allotment tab.
3. Click on the green dialogue box of IPO allotment status that lands on the website of the registrar.
4. Select the IPO from the dropdown.
5. Enter one the below details to check the allotment status:
  
  PAN Number
  
  Application Number
  
  Demat Client ID.
6. Click on Search.
The website will display the details of the allotted shares if you have received an allotment under an IPO.

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6. What is IPO allotment status?

The IPO allotment status tells you whether or not you have received shares in an IPO.

The IPO allotment status will be published as soon as the basis of allotment has been determined by the Registrar in consultation with the designated stock exchanges.

Investors can check the IPO allotment status either on the registrar's website, the exchange website or on Chittorgarh.com, where full details of each IPO can be found.

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7. Where to check IPO allotment status in NSE?
The IPO allotment status in NSE is available on the NSE Bid Verification and Allotment Details Page.

Steps to check the IPO allotment in NSE:
1. Login with username and password.
2. Select the IPO.
3. Verify the displayed PAN No.
4. Enter your IPO application No.
5. Click on Submit.
6. NSE will display the details of your bid and allotment in two separate boxes.
Points to Note:
1. NSE will display the allotment status of bids uploaded on NSE.
2. Investors need to create an account with NSE as a onetime registration process.
3. NSE displays your PAN No. based on the details entered at the time of registration
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8. Who decides IPO allotment?

The IPO allotment is finalized by the Registrar in consultation with the designated stock exchanges.

The IPO allotment is based on the category of the investor and the level of subscription. The Registrar has to follow the guidelines laid down by SEBI for IPO allotment.

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9. How can I get IPO allotment?
There is no set process or rule to get guaranteed allotment in an IPO unless it is undersubscribed.

You can increase your chances of receiving an allocation by following the below best practices:
1. Apply from different Demat accounts of your family and friends.
2. Apply at the cut-off price or the upper price range. If you apply at a price below the final offer price, your IPO will be rejected.
3. Once you have decided to apply, make it as early as possible and do not wait until the last day to avoid last minute issues.
4. Ensure to approve the UPI mandate request, failing which the bid would be considered invalid.
5. Apply in smaller quantities to ensure you receive at least one lot, as per SEBI guidelines. Applying in larger quantities leads to large oversubscription leading to allotment based on lucky draw.
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10. Why IPO allotment status is not available?

IPO allotment status is not available until the registrar finalizes the allotment.

If you check the allotment status once you have applied for the IPO or immediately after the IPO closing date, the IPO allotment status will not be available.

The IPO allotment will be made within five business days after the closing of the offering. Look for the basis of allotment date on Chittorgarh.com and check for the allotment post that date.

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11. Why I don't get IPO allotment?
You may not receive an allotment because a large number of shares have been oversubscribed. In such cases, the allotment is based on a computerized lottery system.

Apart from oversubscription, there are several other reasons why you may not receive an allotment.
- Submission of an invalid application with some spelling mistakes, invalid DP ID, PAN, UPI ID, etc.
- Submission of multiple bids using the same PAN number.
- Submitting a bid at a price lower than the final issue price.
- UPI mandate not approved within deadline.
- Due to last minute application, the bid may not have been uploaded.
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12. Will I get IPO allotment?
The IPO allotment is subject to the availability of shares. It is also required that you have submitted a valid application in a timely manner.

IPO allotment is not guaranteed. The allotment depends on the level of oversubscription and investor category.

A valid application is the one with,
- Correct personal details like Name, DP ID, PAN, UPI ID, bank account no.
- Bid price is higher or equal to the final offer price.
- Submitted within deadline with payment of IPO application amount.
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13. How IPO allotment works?

IPO allotment works based on the investor category and the level of oversubscription.

If an IPO is not fully subscribed, each investor gets full allotment. However, if the IPO is oversubscribed the allotment is made either on lottery basis or pro-rata basis.

Basis of Allotment

Investor Category	IPO Allotment Method
Retail Individual Investor (RII)	If RII applicants > Maximum RII Allottees - Computerized Lottery + Pro rata basis If RII applicants < Maximum RII Allottees - Minimum 1 lot to each RII and remaining on a pro-rata basis.
Non-Institutional Investors (NII)	If NII applicants > Maximum NII Allottees - Computerized Lottery + Pro rata basis If NII applicants < Maximum RII Allottees - Minimum bid lot to each NII and remaining on a pro-rata basis.
Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIB)	Proportionate basis
Anchor Investors	Discretionary basis
Employees	Proportionate basis
Shareholder	Proportionate basis

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14. Who get IPO allotment?
IPO allotment is based on the below conditions:
- Level of subscription.
- Timely submission of IPO applications.
- Availability of shares.
- Bidding price is equal to or more than the final issue price.
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15. How do I find my IPO allotment?

You can find your IPO allotment information on the registrar's website, the exchanges, or on the Chittorgarh website or mobile app.

You can check for the IPO allotment status post the basis of the allotment date. The allotment status will be available after 3 working days after the closing date of the issue. You need a PAN, DP ID or IPO application number to check the allotment status.

You may also receive an SMS or email from the exchanges or from DP informing you of your allotment status.

If you have received shares in the IPO, the websites will display the details of the shares allotted. If you did not receive an allotment, the allotment details will either be blank or indicate that no shares were allotted.

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16. What happens after IPO allotment?
The next step after IPO allotment is the processing of refunds, crediting of shares to the Demat account of allottees and finally listing.

The registrar coordinates with banks to process refunds in case of non-allotment or partial allotment. The Registrar also instructs the depositories to credit the shares to the Demat account of the allottees and banks to debit the required amount.

Once the shares are listed on the stock exchanges, investors can either sell their shares or hold them depending on their analysis.

Schedule post IPO allotment
- Initiation of refund: Within four working days of IPO closure date.
- Credit of Shares to the allottees: Within five working days of IPO closure date.
- Listing: Within six working days of the IPO closure date.
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17. Why IPO allotment failed?
The IPO allotment fails on account of various reasons as mentioned below:
- Heavy oversubscription.
- Erroneous IPO application.
- Failure to approve the UPI mandate within deadline.
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18. What to do to get IPO allotment?
You can follow below good practices to increase your chances to get IPO allotment.
- Apply for the IPO using different Demat accounts of your friends and family.
- Apply at the Cut-Off price.
- Avoid applying on the last day of subscription that may lead to last minute issues or misses.
- Make sure the payment was successful and the IPO amount is blocked.
- Review the application before submitting it to avoid errors.
- Apply in smaller quantities.
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19. After IPO allotment when can I sell?

You may sell the shares allotted under the IPO at any time on or after the listing date. It is up to the investors to decide whether to hold the shares or sell them on the listing date.

If the listing price is higher than the issue price, investors may sell their shares if they realise the targeted profit. They can also hold the shares if they know that prices will continue to rise.

If the stock market price is below the issue price, investors can hold the shares and sell them later when prices rise.

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20. What time IPO allotment is done?

The IPO allotment is completed within five working days of the close of the offer. The basis of allotment is finalized after 3 business days of issue closure.

For example, if an IPO closes on April 6, 2023, the share allotment will be completed by April 17, 2023.

Trading/bank holidays and weekends are not taken into account when deriving the above dates.

You can check the detailed IPO schedule of each IPO on Chittorgarh.com.

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21. What is the process of IPO allotment?
The IPO allotment process is allocation of shares to the IPO investors based on the availability of shares.

If an IPO is not fully subscribed, all the investors in an IPO receive full allotment.

If an IPO is oversubscribed, the allotment happens either on a proportionate basis or a lottery basis depending on the investor category and subscription level.

Few points to note in the process of allotment :
- Only valid, error-free applications submitted at the cut-off price or at a price higher than the issue price will be selected for allocation.
- Bids will not be uploaded to the exchange until the application amount is blocked in the account. Therefore, it is important to approve the UPI mandate for UPI applications within the cut-off period.
- If the number of retail/non-institutional investors is less than the maximum number of RII/NII allottees, each RII/NII will receive minimum bid lot and the remaining shares (if any) on a proportionate basis.
- If the number of retail and non-institutional investors exceeds the maximum number of RII/NII allottees, the allocation will be made by drawing lots.
- Allocation to QIBs and other reserved categories (if any) will be made on a pro rata basis.
- The under-subscription in one category (except QIB) will be adjusted by the surplus in another category.
- Basis of allocation will be finalized within three working days of the issue closure.
- Credit of shares to the Demat account of the allottee will be done within five business days of the closing of the issue.
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22. When to check IPO allotment status?

The allotment status of the IPO can be checked 3-4 business days after the IPO is completed.

Investors can check the allotment status by looking at the allotment date.

For example, the basis of allotment date of Sah Polymers Limited was January 9, 2023. So the allotment status is usually available at the end of January 9 or January 10. The process of crediting the shares to the Demat account of the allottees is completed on January 11.

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23. Is IPO allotment random?

IPO allotment is random in case of retail investors and non-institutional investors when the number of applicants exceeds the number of allottees to whom the minimum bid lot can be allotted.

The maximum number of allottees is derived by dividing the total number of shares reserved for the category (RII/NII) with the minimum lot size applicable to that category.

For example, the issue lot size is 25 and the number of shares offered to is 4 lakhs. Based on the lot size, the maximum number of investors to whom a lot can be allocated would be 16,000 (400,000/25). However, if 20,000 investors apply for the IPO, it is not possible to allocate minimum 25 shares to each investor; in this case, the allocation will be made at random using the computerized lottery system.

The allotment to QIBs happens on a proportionate basis.

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24. Is IPO allotment based on luck?

IPO allotment is based on luck only when there is over subscription.

As per SEBI guidelines, each retail investor should get at least one lot subject to availability of shares. But, if the number of retail investors is more than the number to whom one lot can be allotted, the allotment is done based on lottery method. In the computerized lottery method, allocation is random and only the lucky ones receive an allocation.

The same rule is applicable for Non-institutional investors (NII), wherein each NII should get the minimum bid lot. Thus, if the number of NII applicants is less than NII allottees in case of oversubscription, first minimum one lot is allotted and remaining on pro-rata. However, if NII applicants are more than NII allottees, allotment happens using draw of lots along with pro-rata system.

In the case of QIB and other reserved category of investors, the allocation is made on a pro rata basis. Thus, if an investor's investment share is significantly less compared to the oversubscription, he/she may not receive any allotment.

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25. Does everyone get IPO allotment?

Everyone receives an allotment if an IPO is not fully subscribed or only partially subscribed.

In the case of oversubscription, allocation to everyone is based on the level of oversubscription and the investor category. As per SEBI guidelines, each RII and NII should get the minimum bid lot subject to availability of shares. In case of oversubscription, if the number of applicants is more than the number of allottees to whom the minimum bid lot can be allotted, the allotment happens by draw of lots. In such cases, only the lucky ones will receive the allotment. However, if the number of applicants is less than the number of allottees, the allotment happens on a pro-rata basis.

In the case of QIBs and other reserved categories, not all investors will receive an allotment if the proportion of investment is very low compared to the oversubscription.

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26. Does lot size matter in IPO allotment?

Yes, lot size matters in an IPO because lot size is one of the factors considered in the allotment of shares.

It is important to apply for an IPO with a minimum lot size or a multiple thereof. Allocation of shares is done in the form of lots, and only the leftover shares are allocated as 1 share or so.

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27. Does IPO allotment depend on broker?

No, IPO allotment is done by the registrar.

A broker is an intermediary that simply provides the trading platform for IPO application. In an IPO, the broker's role is to submit bids to the exchange.

The registrar is responsible for the entire allocation process. The Registrar finalizes the basis of allotment in consultation with the designated exchanges. Once the basis of allotment is determined, the Registrar instructs the banks to debit the bank accounts of the allottees and arrange for a refund in case of non-/partial allotment.

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28. Why I never get IPO allotment?
You may not be getting IPO allotment on account of below reasons:
- Heavily oversubscribed IPO.
- Multiple IPO applications made using the same PAN, Demat.
- Failure to approve UPI mandate request.
- Incorrect IPO application.
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29. What is basis of allotment?
Basis of allotment is a document that gives detailed information of allotment across each investor category.

The basis of allotment provides below details:
- Number of valid applications.
- Number of shares applied by the investors grouped based on the applied lots.
- Number of equity shares allotted per bidder.
- Ratio of allotment.
- Total no. of shares allotted.
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30. What is basis of allotment date in ipo?

The basis of the allotment date in an IPO is the date on which the registrar publishes the basis of allotment post finalization with the designated exchanges.

The basis of the allotment date is three working days after the issue closes for subscription.

You can check the basis of allotment date for each IPO on Chittorgarh.com.

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31. What are the chances of IPO allotment?
The subscription level and investor category determines the IPO allotment.

Below factors are taken into account while allocating shares in an IPO.
- In the case of an under-subscribed IPO, each investor receives the full allotment.
- In the case of oversubscription, each retail investor will receive at least one lot in an IPO, provided that sufficient shares are available for allocation to each retail investor. If it is not possible to allocate one lot to each applicant, the allocation will be made by draw of lots.
- Allocation to QIBs and NIIs shall be made on a proportionate basis.
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1 Comments

1. Naushad Ali

| Link|September 16, 2023 10:37:54 AMReply

As per I Know ,In IPO Allotment Process, Share Holder are given Some Advantage.

My Question is Regarding to This.
How many Days Before we are Purchase the Share to Get this Advantage.